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Census of Agriculture

About - Preliminary results

The IBGE carried out a census operation in 2017 aiming at portraying the reality of the "Agricultural Brazil", through the investigation of the characteristics and economic activities developed in the agricultural establishments in Brazil. To do this, guidelines of the World Program for the Census of Agriculture 2020, implemented by the Food and Agriculture Organization - FAO in 2016 were adopted, as well as the categories of the National Classification of Economic Activities - CNAE 2.0, developed by the IBGE in 2007 and the Revision 4 of the International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities - ISIC, developed by the United Nations Statistics Division - UNSD.

As a result of that operation, this publication discloses the preliminary results of the 2017 Census of Agriculture, which can be changed by the final release. The information on persons employed, stocks, livestock inventories, permanent crops and silviculture, among other structural data, are based on the reference date of September 30, 2017, whereas that related to properties, production, area and work volume along the year, among other aspects, are reported to the period between October 1, 2016 and September 30, 2017.

It should be highlighted that significant sectoral changes and changes in the economy in general have taken place since the last edition of the survey in 2006. Aiming at better capturing the changes in the agriculture, forestry and aquaculture, as well as in the rural area, this edition of the survey was not only characterized by technological innovation, but also by the methodological refinement, particularly concerning the redesign of its contents and the incorporation of concepts integrated in the national agricultural universe after the previous survey. 

Released for Brazil and Federation Units, the statistics portray multiple aspects, like the number and total area of the agricultural establishments; legal status of the producer and land; work administration; land use; irrigation use; soil preparation; sex, age, schooling and color or race of the producers; persons employed; use of fertilization, liming and agrotoxins; association; electricity use; technical orientation; livestock inventories; and machinery, tractors and implements used. The publication also includes the technical notes on the survey, as well as the concepts needed to understand its results. Information at state and municipal levels are available in the IBGE System of Automatic Recovery - Sidra.

As before, the results of the 2017 Census of Agriculture are in line with the recommendations and basic concepts fostered by FAO, allowing the international comparability of those statistics.

Tables - Preliminary results

The IBGE adopts a review policy of the data disclosed by this statistical operation. Data review means any and all scheduled revision of numerical data due to new information, which was not accessible at the time of the first disclosure. For instance: late data that replaces a non-response; or data corrected by the informant himself; or a set of data that has undergone editing and imputation. For more detailed information about the published data review policy of the IBGE statistical operations, check the list of short-term, long-term and special surveys carried out by the Institute with their respective revision procedure on: https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/index.php/biblioteca-catalogo?view=detalhes&id=298009.

Concepts and methods - Preliminary results

As informações a seguir descrevem os metadados estatísticos, que são o conjunto de conceitos, métodos e aspectos relacionados às estatísticas, e são informações necessárias para compreender as características e a qualidade das estatísticas e interpretá-las corretamente.

Informações Gerais

Objetivo
Obter informações sobre a organização e a estrutura dos setores agropecuário, florestal e aquícola do País. São exemplos de dados estruturais típicos as características do estabelecimento e do produtor, pessoal ocupado, utilização das terras, efetivo da pecuária, produção vegetal e animal, dentre outros.
Tipo de operação estatística
Censo agropecuário
Tipo de dados
Dados de Censo
Periodicidade de divulgação
Quinquenal
População-alvo
Responsáveis pelas atividades desenvolvidas nos estabelecimentos agropecuários existentes no País na data de referência da pesquisa. Esse universo pesquisado é composto pelos estabelecimentos agropecuários envolvidos nos segmentos de agricultura, pecuária, aquicultura, avicultura, ranicultura, apicultura, sericicultura, extração vegetal e silvicultura. Incluem-se os estabelecimentos independentemente do seu tamanho, de sua forma jurídica, ou de sua localização em área urbana ou rural, tendo como objetivo a produção para subsistência e/ou para venda. As produções particulares e os animais pertencentes aos empregados e ao pessoal residente no estabelecimento foram levantados nos questionários do produtor ou em outro questionário, caracterizando um estabelecimento agropecuário sem área. Excluem-se da investigação os quintais de residências e as simples hortas domésticas.

Metodologia

Foram obtidas informações sobre os estabelecimentos agropecuários existentes no País, considerando o período e a data de referência da pesquisa, através de entrevistas diretas com os responsáveis pelos mesmos, baseadas em questionários previamente elaborados.
A realização das entrevistas e o armazenamento dos dados foi facilitado pelo uso do DMC - Dispositivo Móvel de Coleta, distribuído para os recenseadores, com os questionários e alguns endereços já carregados. As informações obtidas puderam ser encaminhadas com mais agilidade para o SIGC - Sistema Integrado de Gerenciamento e Controle, permitindo mais celeridade na correção de inconsistências.

Técnica de coleta:
CASI - Questionário eletrônico autopreenchido, CAPI - Entrevista pessoal assistida por computador

Temas

Temas e subtemas
Estatísticas econômicas setoriais, Agricultura, pecuária, produção florestal, pesca e aquicultura
Principais variáveis
Características do Produtor

Idade
Sexo
Nível de instrução
Naturalidade
Associação a cooperativas e/ou entidades de classe
Local de residência
Tempo de direção do estabelecimento
Condição legal do produtor
Condição legal das terras

Características do estabelecimento

Utilização de energia elétrica
Utilização de força mecânica e/ou animal
Utilização de práticas agrícolas
Utilização de agrotóxicos
Utilização de adubos e/ou corretivos do solo
Utilização de agricultura orgânica
Utilização das terras
Área irrigada por método de irrigação
Silos e depósitos
Máquinas e veículos
Consumo de combustíveis
Pessoal ocupado

Pecuária
Efetivos e produções

Produção vegetal
Silvicultura
Horticultura
Extração vegetal
Lavoura permanente
Lavoura temporária

Agroindústria

Valores monetários

Valor de produção
Receitas
Dívidas
Investimentos
Financiamentos
Valor dos Bens

Unidades de informação

Unidade de investigação
Estabelecimento
Unidade de análise
Pessoa, Família, Estabelecimento, Produto, Município, Unidade da Federação
Unidade informante
Pessoa, Estabelecimento.

Períodos de referência

Ano - 01/10/2016 a 30/09/2017
Data - 30/09/2017
Data de início da coleta
02/10/2017
Data do fim da coleta
01/03/2018

Disseminação

Formas de disseminação
Publicação Digital (online), Publicação impressa com CD-ROM, Banco de Dados Agregados - SIDRA
Nível de desagregação geográfica
Município
Nível de divulgação
Os dados estarão disponíveis em nível Brasil, Grandes Regiões, Unidades da Federação, Mesorregiões, Microrregiões Geográficas e Municípios.

Instrumentos de coleta

AGRO - Questionário
CA 1.09 - Manual do Recenseador .

Histórico

O primeiro Censo Agropecuário foi realizado no ano de 1920, como parte integrante do Recenseamento Geral. Na década de 30 não houve Censo por motivo de ordem política e institucional. A partir de 1940 os censos foram decenais até 1970. Posteriormente, a periodicidade passou a quinquenal, realizada no início dos anos de final 1 e 6, e referida aos anos de final 0 e 5 , ou seja, 1975, 1980 e 1985. O Censo Agropecuário 1990 não foi realizado devido a cortes orçamentários do governo. No Censo Agropecuário 1995-1996, as informações foram referidas ao ano safra. O Censo Agropecuário 2006, assim como o anterior, foi realizado em conjunto com a Contagem da População e a referência dos dados voltou a ser o ano civil.
A edição do Censo de 2006 caracterizou-se tanto pela inovação tecnológica introduzida na etapa da operação de campo, com a substituição do questionário em papel pelo questionário eletrônico desenvolvido em computador de mão, o Personal Digital Assistant - PDA, quanto pelo refinamento metodológico, especialmente no que diz respeito à reformulação de seu conteúdo e à incorporação de novos conceitos, visando melhor captar as transformações ocorridas nas atividades agropecuárias e no meio rural desde a realização do Censo Agropecuário 1995-1996.
A data e o período de referência foram peculiares no Censo Agropecuário 2017, visto que, apesar de contemplarem 1 ano completo, o início e o final não coincidiram com o calendário convencional. A data foi 30 de setembro de 2017 e o período de referência de 1 de outubro de 2016 a 30 de setembro de 2017. O equipamento utilizado para a entrevista e coleta dos dados foi o DMC (Dispositivo Móvel de Coleta) que possibilitou, entre outras funções, a transmissão quase imediata dos dados para o SIGC (Sistema Integrado de Gerenciamento e Controle), permitindo agilidade na crítica e correção das informações obtidas.

Publications - Preliminary results

Description

The Census of Agriculture investigates information on agricultural establishments and agricultural activities developed inside them, including characteristics of the producers and establishments, economy and employment in the rural area, livestock, cropping and agribusiness. Its data collection unit is every production unit dedicated, either entirely or partially, to agricultural, forest or aquaculture activities, subordinated to a single administration – producer or administrator –, regardless of its size, legal nature or location, aiming at producing either for living or sales.

The first Census of Agriculture dates back to 1920, and it was conducted as part of the General Census. It did not take place in the 1930s due to reasons of political and institutional nature. From 1940 onward, the survey was decennial up to 1970 and quinquennial later on, taking place in the beginning of the years ending in 1 and 6 and relating to the years ending in 0 and 5. In the 1995-1996 Census of Agriculture, the information was related to the crop year (August 1995 to July 1996). In the 2006 Census of Agriculture, the reference for the data returned to be the calendar year. The 2006 edition was characterized both by the technological innovation introduced in the field operation, in which the paper questionnaire was replaced by the electronic questionnaire developed in Personal Digital Assistants - PDAs and by the methodological refinement, particularly concerning the redesign of its contents and incorporation of new concepts. That edition also implemented the National Address List for Statistical Purposes - Cnefe, which gathers the detailed description of the addresses of housing units and agricultural establishments, geographic coordinates of every housing unit and establishment (agricultural, religious, education, health and other) in the rural area, bringing subsidies for the planning of future IBGE surveys. The 2017 Census of Agriculture returned to reference the crop year – October 2016 to September 2017 –, though in a different period than that adopted in the 1995-1996 Census of Agriculture. New technologies were introduced in the 2017 survey to control the data collection, like: previous address list, use of satellite images in the PDAs to better locate the enumerator in relation to the terrain, and use of coordinates of the address and location where the questionnaire is open, which allowed a better coverage and assessment of the work.

The survey provides information on the total agricultural establishments; total area of those establishments; characteristics of the producers; characteristics of the establishments (use of electricity, agricultural practices, use of fertilization, use of agrotoxins, use of organic farming, land use, existence of water resources, existence of warehouses and silos, existence of tractors, machinery and agricultural implements, and vehicles, among other aspects); employed personnel; financial transactions; livestock (inventories and animal production); aquaculture and forestry (silviculture, forestry, floriculture, horticulture, permanent crops, temporary crops and rural agribusiness).

The periodicity of the survey is quinquennial, though the surveys in 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005, 2010 and 2015 were not carried out due to budget restrictions from the government; the 1990 Census of Agriculture did not take place; the 1995 survey was carried out in 1996 together with the Population Counting; the 2000 survey did not take place; that of 2005 was carried out in 2007, together with the Population Counting once again; that of 2010 did not take place and that of 2015 was carried out in 2017. Its geographic coverage is national, with results disclosed for Brazil, Major Regions, Federation Units, Mesoregions, Microregions and Municipalities. The results of the 2006 Census of Agriculture, which has the calendar year as the reference period, are not strictly comparable with those from the 1995-1996 Census of Agriculture and 2017 Census of Agriculture, whose reference period is the crop year in both cases.

Time series

#seriehistorica20176584956305

#tabelasidra20176585414459

#seriehistorica2017659333529

Downloads

Technical Information

Methodological considerations on the Census of Agriculture can be obtained in the Technical notes chapter of its results publication.

Technical notes

  • Tecnical note 01/2018 - Release of the List of Agricultural Establishments of the 2017 Census of Agriculture

News and Releases

2017

Atlas of Rural Area depicts diversity and inequalities in the Brazilian field

As part of the events to celebrate the 100th Anniversary of the Census of Agriculture, the IBGE releases...

15/12/2020

2017

IBGE wins award for agricultural survey and studies

The IBGE and the former technical coordinator of the Census of Agriculture, agronomist Antonio Carlos...

16/10/2020

2017

Census of Agriculture celebrates its 100th anniversary portraying the history of the sector in the country

From a family establishment of tomato farming in a rural area of a small town to a big cattle raising...

01/09/2020

2017

IBGE includes meso-region and micro-region territorial divisions in 2017 Census of Agriculture data

Data from the 2017 Census of Agriculture with territorial divisions of meso-regions and micro-regions...

18/08/2020

2017

Know stories and motivations behind the work of flower growers

Agronomist Laerte Correia began to produce flowers when he was 56 years old in 2007, after years providing...

24/01/2020

2017

Water sets the pace of agriculture in Amazonas

In a village full of farmers located in the Terra Nova district, municipality of Careiro da Várzea (AM),...

10/01/2020

2017

In Bahia, descendants of Japanese invest in cocoa

Last December 18 was the International Migrants Day. In Brazil, the presence of migrants from several...

27/12/2019

2017

Milk productivity increases 62% in 11 years, reaches 30 billion liters

The production of cow milk surpassed the milestone of 30 billion liters for the first time ever in the...

20/12/2019

2017

Beekeepers are nearly one-fourth of landless producers in Minas Gerais

Of the more than 5 million agricultural establishments surveyed in the 2017 Census of Agriculture, nearly 1.5% had...

13/12/2019

2017

Women gain space in agriculture, yet they are only 19% of producers

Twenty-year old Carmen Perez became the head of a farm in Barra do Garças, a municipality in the interior...

06/12/2019

See more releases

Errata

  • Calendar error in the release of 2017 Census of Agriculture - General characteristics of agricultural and mining productions, according to color or race of producer and specific territory divisions

    Published date: 22/11/2022

    Description:
    Error, pinpointed by the IBGE, for not meeting the release date of the survey, according to a Notice published on the IBGE Portal on October 24, 2022, which would be November 24, 2022. The new release date will be December 14, 2022.

    The product was postponed as its technical team was temporarily relocated to the demands of the 2022 Population Census, which led to new deadlines.

    Actions: The release calendar was changed.

    Access here
  • Correction of data on the output of orange in the 2017 Census of Agriculture

    Published date: 06/08/2020

    Description:
    An error regarding the output of orange in São Paulo was identified in one of the 2017 Census of Agriculture questionnaires. 

    Actions: The questionnaire was corrected with the right figures. The corrected data and the derived variables were uploaded to the database.

    Access here
  • Correction of data on silviculture in the 2017 Census of Agriculture

    Published date: 06/08/2020

    Description:
    Questionnaires with the indication "Other silviculture products" instead of “Logwood" (for Other Purposes) - M³” were identified.

    Actions: The questionnaire was corrected with the right figures. The corrected data and the derived variables were uploaded to the database.

    Access here
  • Correction of data on wildcrop harvesting products in the 2017 Census of Agriculture

    Published date: 06/08/2020

    Description:
    Questionaires with "Other wildcrop harvesting products" instead of the specified products were identified. 

    Actions: The questionnaires were corrected with the right products. The corrected data and the derived variables were uploaded to the database.

     

    Access here
  • Correction of data on categories of affiliation to cooperatives in the 2017 Census of Agriculture

    Published date: 06/08/2020

    Description:
    A modeling error was identified in the table of categories of association to categories and professional entities, resulting in incorrect data on affiliation of agricultural establishments.

    Actions: Modeling data were corrected. 

    Access here
  • Modeling of tables by decimal place in the 2017 Census of Agriculture

    Published date: 06/08/2020

    Description:
    Differences in rounded figures were identified at more aggregated levels.

    Actions: The data were reaggregated with corrected figures, considering rounding rules. 

    Access here
  • Modeling of tables for total frequency of establishments in the 2017 Census of Agriculture

    Published date: 06/08/2020

    Description:
    Total establishment figures by survey section were above the real ones. The reason for the error was that, in cases where the establishment had more than one product (products from permanent crops, for instance), it was counted as “Total”, as many times as the number of products included, when it should appear only once in the “Total” category. 

    Actions: The data were aggregated with the frequency of establishments for the “Total” category with a single count of the establishment in case it presented more than one product per section. 

    Access here
  • Calendar error in the release of the Census of Agriculture 2017

    Published date: 30/05/2019

    Description:
    An error, detected by the IBGE, relative to the non-compliance to the Census of Agriculture 2017 release date, as informed in the calendar made available in December 2018. Due to the need of rescheduling, the new release date of results of the Census of Agriculture 2017 is October 25, 2019.

    Actions: The release calendar was changed.

    Access here
  • Ratification of values on the map "Number of agricultural establishments, by municipalities" in the PDF files of the Preliminary Results of the 2017 Census of Agriculture

    Published date: 13/12/2018

    Description:
    Value inconsistencies were detected on the map "Number of agricultural establishments, by municipalities" in the PDF files of the "Preliminary Results of the 2017 Census of Agriculture" of Mato Grosso, Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul.
    Actions: Values were amended and PDF files generated again replacing the previous ones.

    Access here
  • Correction of the unit of measurement of the herd of poultry in the 2017 Census of Agriculture Preliminary Results

    Published date: 12/11/2018

    Description:
    An error was detected in the unit of measurement for "head" in the release of the 2017 Census of Agriculture Preliminary Results for the herd of chicken. The value presented refers to the total herd, and it is not necessary to multiply it by 1,000 (x 1,000) as before. 

    Actions: Change of the unit of measurement "x 1.000 head" into "head"in the release of the 2017 Census of Agriculture Preliminary Results for the herd of chicken. Correction was necessary on the 2017 Census of Agriculture Census page (https://censoagro2017.ibge.gov.br) and in the channel Cities@   (https://cidades.ibge.gov.br). On the IBGE website, the unit of measurement had been properly displayed. 

    Access here
  • Replacement of color-and-contrast-adjusted photos for original images

    Published date: 06/09/2018

    Description:

    It was observed that some photographs nominated for the Census of Agricultur Photo Award, made available on the voting platform, had undergone olor and contrast adjustments not allowed by the rules.

    Actions: The adjusted photographs were removed from the website and their original versions were uploaded in place. All those who had already voted in this phase of the contest were informed of the error, so that they can vote again if desired. 

    Access here

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