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Population Census

About - First Results of the Sample

The release of the first sample results of the 2000 Population Census represents the conclusion of a portrait of Brazil , in the end of the millennium. It also evidences that the Brazilian society now holds the main source of information for the analysis and deeper knowledge of national reality, a tool which serves as the basis for the exercise of citizenship, for the choice of public policies and of private investments, among other aspects.

 

Main results - First Results of the Sample

 

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The IBGE adopts a review policy of the data disclosed by this statistical operation. Data review means any and all scheduled revision of numerical data due to new information, which was not accessible at the time of the first disclosure. For instance: late data that replaces a non-response; or data corrected by the informant himself; or a set of data that has undergone editing and imputation. For more detailed information about the published data review policy of the IBGE statistical operations, check the list of short-term, long-term and special surveys carried out by the Institute with their respective revision procedure on: https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/index.php/biblioteca-catalogo?view=detalhes&id=298009.

Tables - First Results of the Sample

Tables - Brazil

General charcteristics of the population

  • Table 1.1.1 - Resident population, by color or race, by urban or rural housing unit and age groups grupos de idade
  • Table 1.1.2 - Resident population, by urban or rural housing unit and sex, by religion
  • Table 1.1.3 - Resident population, by type of disability, by sex and age group

Education

  • Table 1.2.1 - Pessoas que freqüentavam creche ou escola, por nível de ensino, segundo a rede de ensino, o sexo e os grupos de idade
  • Table 1.2.2 - Pessoas de 5 anos ou mais de idade, por grupos de anos de estudo, segundo o sexo e os grupos de idade

Migration

  • Table 1.3.1 - Resident population, by sex, by place of birth
  • Table 1.3.2 - Persons aged 5 and over, by Major Region of residence on July 31, 1995

Commuting

  • Table 1.4.1 - Resident population, by form of commuting to work or study, by sex and age group

Nuptiality

  • Table 1.5.1 - Persons aged 10 and over, by marital status, by sex and type of the latest union

Fertility

  • Tabela 1.6.1 - Mulheres de 10 anos ou mais de idade, total e que tiveram filhos, filhos tidos nascidos vivos, total e no período de referência de 12 meses anteriores ao Censo, filhos tidos nascidos mortos e filhos sobreviventes em 31 de julho de 2000, segundo a situação do domicílio e os grupos de idade das mulheres

Work

  • Table 1.7.1 - Pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, por condição de atividade na semana de referência e sexo, segundo a situação do domicílio e os grupos de idades
  • Table 1.7.2 - Pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, por condição de atividade na semana de referência e sexo, segundo a situação do domicílio e as classes de rendimento nominal mensal
  • Table 1.7.3 - Pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, ocupadas na semana de referência, por grupos de horas habitualmente trabalhadas por semana em todos os trabalhos, segundo o sexo e os grupos de idades
  • Table 1.7.4 - Pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, ocupadas na semana de referência, por grupos de horas habitualmente trabalhadas por semana no trabalho principal, segundo o sexo e os grandes grupos de ocupação no trabalho principal
  • Table 1.7.5 - Pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, ocupadas na semana de referência, por classes de rendimento nominal mensal do trabalho principal, segundo o sexo e a seção de atividade do trabalho principal
  • Table 1.7.6 - Pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, ocupadas na semana de referência, por grupos de anos de estudo, segundo o sexo, a posição na ocupação, o subgrupo e a categoria do emprego e a contribuição para instituto de previdência oficial no trabalho principal
  • Table 1.7.7 - Pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, com rendimento, valor do rendimento nominal médio mensal e valor do rendimento nominal mediano das pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, com rendimento, por sexo, segundo a situação do domicílio e as classes de rendimento nominal mensal
  • Table 1.7.8 - Pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, ocupadas na semana de referência, com rendimento de trabalho, valor do rendimento nominal médio mensal e valor do rendimento nominal mediano mensal de todos os trabalhos das pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, ocupadas na semana de referência, com rendimento de trabalho, por sexo, segundo a situação do domicílio e as classes de rendimento nominal mensal de todos os trabalhos
  • Table 1.7.9 - Domicílios particulares permanentes, total e com rendimento domiciliar, e valor do rendimento nominal médio mensal, valor do rendimento nominal mediano mensal dos domicílios particulares permanentes, total e com rendimento domiciliar, segundo a situação do domicílio e as classes de rendimento nominal mensal domiciliar
  • Table 1.7.10 - Distribuição do rendimento nominal mensal das pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, com rendimento, valor do rendimento nominal médio mensal e valor do rendimento nominal mediano mensal das pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, com rendimento, por situação do domicílio, segundo as classes de percentual das pessoas de 10 anos ou mais de idade, em ordem crescente de rendimento
  • Table 1.7.11 - Distribuição do rendimento nominal mensal dos domicílios particulares permanente, com rendimento domiciliar, valor do rendimento nominal médio mensal e valor do rendimento nominal mediano mensal dos domicílios particulares permanente, com rendimento domiciliar, por situação do domicílio, segundo as classes de percentual dos domicílios particulares permanentes em ordem crescente de rendimento domiciliar

Family

  • Table 1.8.1 - Famílias e pessoas residentes em domicílios particulares, por condição na família, segundo o sexo da pessoa responsável pela família, a situação do domicílio e o número de componente da família

Housing unit

  • Table 1.9.1 - Permanent private housing units and residents of permanent private housing units, by urban or rural housing unit, by characteristics of the housing unit 
  • Table 1.9.2 - Permanent private housing units, by ranges of monthly nominal household income, by some characteristics of housing units
  • Table 1.9.3 - Residents of permanent private housing units, by density of residents per room, anentes, by some characteristics of housing units

Complete Tables

Tables

Major Regions Tables

General characteristics of the population

  • Table 2.1.1 - Resident population, by color or race, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.1.2 - Resident population, by religion, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.1.3 - Resident population, by type of disability, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units

Education

  • Table 2.2.1 - Persons who attended daycare or school, by education level, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.2.2 - Persons aged 10 years and over, by group of schooling years, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units

Migration

  • Table 2.3.1 - Non-natural persons of the Federation Unit who had less than 10 uninterrupted years of residence in the Federation Unit, by uninterrupted time of residence in the Federation Unit, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.3.2 - Persons aged 5 years and over, by place of residence on July 31, 1995, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units

Commuting

  • Table 2.4.1 - Resident population, by commuting to work or study, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units

Nuptiality

  • Table 2.5.1 - Persons aged 10 years and over, by marital status, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.5.2 - Persons aged 10 years and over who lived in consensual union, by type of union, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units

Fertility

  • Table 2.6.1 - Women aged 10 years and over, total and those who had children, children born alive, total and in the reference period of 12 months before the Census, children stillborn and survivors on July 31, 2000, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units

Labor

  • Table 2.7.1 - Persons aged 10 years and over, by activity status in the reference week and sex, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.7.2 - Persons aged 10 year and over, by class of monthly nominal earnings, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.7.3 - Persons aged 10 years and over, employed in the reference week, by group of hours usually worked per week in all jobs, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.7.4 - Persons aged 10 years and over, employed in the reference week, by employment type and job category in the main job, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.7.5 - Persons aged 10 years and over, employed in the reference week, by major employment group in the main job, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.7.6 - Persons aged 10 years and over, employed in the reference week, by activity sector in the main job, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.7.7 - Persons aged 10 years and over, employed in the reference week, by class of monthly nominal earnings from all jobs, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.7.8 - Persons aged 10 years and over, with earnings, value of the monthly average nominal earnings and value of the monthly median nominal earnings of persons aged 10 years and over, with earnings, by sex, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.7.9 - Persons aged 10 years and over, employed in the reference week, with earnings from labor, value of the monthly average nominal earnings and value of the monthly median nominal earnings from all jobs of persons aged 10 years and over, employed in the reference week, with earnings from labor, by sex, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.7.10 - Permanent private housing units, total and with household earnings, value of the monthly average nominal earnings, value of the monthly median nominal earnings of permanent private housing units, total and with household earnings, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.7.11 - Gini index of the distribution of monthly nominal earnings of persons aged 10 years and over, with earnings, by urban or rural housing unit, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.7.12 - Gini index of the distribution of monthly nominal earnings of permanent private housing units, with household earnings, by urban or rural housing unit, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units

Household

  • Table 2.8.1 - Households and persons living in private housing units, by household condition, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units

Housing unit

  • Table 2.9.1 - Permanent private housing units, by some service and durable good existing in the housing unit, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.9.2 - Residents in permanent private housing units, by some service and durable good existing in the housing unit, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units
  • Table 2.9.3 - Residents in permanent private housing units, by resident density per room and resident density per dormitory, according to the Major Regions and Federation Units

The IBGE adopts a review policy of the data disclosed by this statistical operation. Data review means any and all scheduled revision of numerical data due to new information, which was not accessible at the time of the first disclosure. For instance: late data that replaces a non-response; or data corrected by the informant himself; or a set of data that has undergone editing and imputation. For more detailed information about the published data review policy of the IBGE statistical operations, check the list of short-term, long-term and special surveys carried out by the Institute with their respective revision procedure on: https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/index.php/biblioteca-catalogo?view=detalhes&id=298009.

Publications - First Results of the Sample

Description

It is the major reference source to know the life conditions of the population in all the municipalities of Brazil and in their internal territorial divisions, having the resident person in the housing unit in the National Territory in the reference date as the data collection unit.

The Basic Questionnaire of the survey investigates information on the characteristics of the housing units (urban or rural status, number of bathrooms, existence of toilet, drainage of the bathroom or toilet, water supply, garbage disposal, existence of electricity, etc.); international emigration; composition of the housing units (number of residents, shared responsibility, list of residents, identification of the head, family relationship with the head of the household, etc.); characteristics of residents (sex and age, color or race, ethnicity and spoken language, in the case of Indians, ownership of birth registration, literacy, monthly earnings, etc.); and mortality. Selected housing units were investigated through the Sample Questionnaire, which includes more detailed items on the characteristics of the housing unit and residents in addition to those present in the Basic Questionnaire, as well as items on specific themes like disability, nuptiality and fertility.

The periodicity of the survey is decennial, except for the years of 1910 and 1930, in which the survey was canceled, and of 1990, whose operation was postponed to 1991.

The geographic coverage is nationwide, with results released for Brazil, Major Regions, Federation Units, Mesoregions, Microregions, Metropolitan Areas, Municipalities, Districts, Sub-districts and Enumeration Areas. 

Historical Overview

The first population census in Brazil was carried out in 1808, specifically aiming at military interests of recruiting for the Armed Forces. It caused the suspect that its results would have been far from reality, due either to the natural prevention of the population against census operations or, mainly, to its objectives. For historical purposes, the census carried out in 1872, called General Census of the Empire, is considered the first one in Brazil, due to its bigger complexity and, above all, to the control exerted on the whole operation. It was established by Decree no. 4,856, of December 30, 1871, and conducted by the General Directorate of Statistics, later discontinued in 1879. The census scheduled for 1880 was transferred to 1887, eventually remaining just as a project. The General Directorate of Statistics was reestablished by Decree no. 113-d, of January 2, 1890, which set the date of December 31, 1890 to carry out the I Census of the Republic. The II Decennial Census of the Republic began on December 31, 1900 in the entire Brazilian territory. Nevertheless, problems with the calculation of the data in the city of Rio de Janeiro, then Federal District, caused the appointment of a commission to study this issue, which concluded to cancel the results related to the city.  Based on a legal provision towards this aim, the Federal District carried out another survey just in 1906, completed in February 1907 and released in a special volume. Scheduled for December 31, 1910, the III Decennial Census of the Republic was transferred to June 30, 1911. The operation was definitively discontinued as a result of the political turmoil that Brazil was facing at the time. Carried out on September 1, 1920, the IV Decennial Census aimed at not only the population, yet also the economic situation of the localities. As a result, the industrial and agricultural production in Brazil were thoroughly investigated. Considering the decennial periodicity of the Brazilian censuses as established by law, the V General Census of Brazil should had taken place in 1930, yet a number of reasons, particularly those of political nature, hindered the operation that year. After the radical transformation of the statistical services in Brazil – creation of the National Council of Statistics - CNE and National Council of Geography - CNG, which, altogether, formed the IBGE, according to Decree-Law no. 218, of January 26, 1938 –, the V General Census of Brazil was carried out in 1940, corresponding to the fifth population census, second agricultural and industrial census, and first surveying on trade, transportation, communications and services.  Carried out in 1950, the VI General Census of Brazil included the Population Census, whose reference date was fixed on July 1st, and the Agricultural, Industrial, Trade and Services Censuses, as well as the special surveys on transportation and communications. That census integrated the Census of the Americas, sponsored by the Inter-American Statistical Institute - IASI, addressing a specific request from the United Nations - UN. Held on September 1, 1960, the VII General Census of Brazil also followed the basic guidelines established by those international organizations, in order to assure the consistency of the concepts and allow the comparability of the census results among the American nations. In this survey, the sampling technique was used for the first time in a Brazilian census. Integrated with the Census of the Americas, the VIII General Census of Brazil was carried out on September 1, 1970, encompassing the Population Census and the Property, Agricultural, Industrial, Trade and Services Censuses, as well as special surveys on credit institutions, insurance companies and companies in charge of producing and distributing electricity. The IBGE carried out the IX General Census of Brazil on September 1, 1980, which included not only the Population Census, yet also the Agricultural, Industrial, Trade and Services Censuses and, after previous surveys, integrated with the Census of the Americas, as suggested by the UN. That survey counted on technological advances that allowed innovations in the operation and dissemination of results, which were published in the same year of the operation for the first time ever. Due to budget restrictions, the Population Census was not carried out in 1990, being postponed to September 1, 1991. Compared with the previous censuses, the 1991 Population Census innovated in a number of technical, technological and operational aspects, highlighting also the institution of partnerships – Municipal Census Commissions - CCMs and the Advisory Commission –, which worked as a link between the IBGE and the society. The 2000 Population Census, which resumed the operation in years ending in zero, anticipated the reference date of the survey from September 1st to August 1st, and represented a qualitative leap in a number of aspects, particularly concerning the technological innovation – from the system that followed up the data collection to the data capture and to the automation of the processes of data coding, edit and tabulation, through the extensive use of digital technologies, providing the most appropriate media to each segment of users. Its implementation consolidated the statistical bonds among the countries of the Extended Mercosur, which also includes Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia and Chile. Carried out on August 1st, the 2010 Population Census made important transformations in the work methods, providing users with even more interactive and specialized pictures, characterized by relevant methodological improvements and technological advances. Partnerships were improved and strengthened through the State Census Commissions - CCEs and Municipal Commissions of Geography and Statistics - CMGEs, aiming at expanding the integration between the IBGE and the local communities to gather cooperation and logistics support for the implementation of institutional surveys.

Time series

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Microdata

The microdata are the lowest level of disaggregation of the data of a survey, representing, in the form of numerical codes, the content of the questionnaires and preserving the statistical confidentiality aiming at the non-individualization of the information. The microdata are in ASCII format, allowing expert users with knowledge in programming, preferably in statistical software, to read the data, cross them in different geographic aggregations and create multiple tabulations according to their personal interest.

The microdata files are coupled with a support documentation that provides the names, codes and descriptions of the variables and their categories, complemented, whenever needed, with elements to compute the sampling errors.

2010 Census

Updating

March 11, 2016 - Variable v1005 - ENUMERATION AREA STATUS was included in the HOUSING UNIT, PERSON, EMIGRATION and MORTALITY files

Federation Units

Documentation

Tables - Federation Units and Municipalities (in zip format)

2000 Census

Updating

September 8, 2017 - It was detected that variable V0300 was not in the housing unit file.

March 9, 2016 - It was detected that the activity and employment files were incomplete and that it was necessary to include new codes in the documentation that matches the codes of 2000 and 1991.

June 19, 2015 - It was detected that parts of some records were corrupted. The files were replaced.

Federation Units

Downloads

Technical Information

Methodology of the survey carried out in 2010 (Methodological Reports Series, v. 41)

Methodology of the survey carried out in 2000 (Methodological Reports Series, v. 25)

Methodology of the survey carried out in 1980 (Methodological Reports Series, v. 4)


The changes that took place in the survey after the release of the methodological reports are presented either as Technical notes and/or Methodological notes. The technical notes either report or clarify specific issues on the survey, whereas the methodological notes address general aspects of the improvements, updates and/or revisions implemented, as well as complementary methodological aspects, whose clarifications have been made necessary before the release of a new formal volume of the Methodological Reports Series.

Technical notes

  • Technical note 01/2018 - Reinterpretation of the data on disabled persons in the 2010 Population Census, in the light of the recommendations of the Washington Group

News and Releases

2022 Census

2022 Census: two out of three Brazilians were residents of roads without wheelchair ramps

Data found in the 2022 Census show that, of the 174.2 million residents of areas with urban characteristics...

17/04/2025

2022 Census

In Maceió (AL), IBGE releases urban characteristics of surroundings of housing units

On April 17, at 10 am, in Maceió (AL), the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) will...

03/04/2025

2022 Census

2022 Census: proportion of population with complete higher education increases from 6.8% in 2000 to 18.4% in 2022

Between 2000 and 2022, the proportion of persons with complete higher education grew 2.7 times in the...

26/02/2025

2022 Census

2022 Census: Brazil has 8.5 thousand Indigenous localities, most of them in the North Region

According with Census data, published today (19) by the IBGE, there were 8,568 Indigenous localities...

19/12/2024

2022 Census

2022 Census: one out of five Brazilians lives in rented household

In 2022, the proportion of Brazilians who lived in rented households maintained the upward trend and...

12/12/2024

2022 Census

2022 Census: At Casa Brasil IBGE, technical team releases aggregated results by enumeration areas and enumeration routes

The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) released, on Thursday, 14, data relative to...

14/11/2024

2022 Census

2022 Census: 87% of the Brazilian population lives in urban areas

According to the 2022 Population Census, of the total country's population, 203.1 million people, 177.5...

14/11/2024

2022 Census

IBGE launches Environment and Maps Modules for the Creating Synergies between the 2030 Agenda and the G20 series

The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) is releasing the Environment and Maps thematic...

14/11/2024

2022 Census

2022 Census: IBGE releases data on the Census Map at Casa Brasil IBGE

On November 14, at 10 am, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) will releases the...

12/11/2024

2022 Census

2022 Census: 16.4 million persons in Brazil lived in Favelas and Urban Communities

The 2022 Population Census  found 12,348 Favelas and Urban Communities in Brazil, inhabited by 16,390,815...

08/11/2024

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Errata